Annex

The following target pests require additional measures to manage biosecurity risk:

• Codling moth (Cydia pomonella)
• Fruit flies:
  Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni),
  Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and
  cucumber fruit fly (Zeugodacus cucumis, synonym Bactrocera cucumis)
• Oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta)
• Grapevine phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae)
• Leaf miners:
  American serpentine miner (Liriomyza trifolii) and
  pea leaf miner (Liriomyza huidobrensis)

• Mango seed weevil (Sternochetus mangiferae)

Additional measures approved to manage target pests:

1. Methyl Bromide fumigation
The fumigation must be:

• Completed within 21 days prior to export; and
• Conducted in accordance with Australia’s Methyl bromide fumigation methodology; and
• A Methyl Bromide Fumigation certificate must be issued.

^NB1 - Dose compensation is not permitted where the ambient temperature is below 17°C for management of Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni)
^NB2 - Fumigation does not address Queensland fruit fly for mangoes and plums. Mangoes and plums must be produced in Pest Free Areas or subjected to an alternative treatment approved by the department.
^NB3 - For goods that are a host of codling moth and Queensland fruit fly, fumigation must occur at 48g/m³ for 2 hours at 17°C or above.
^NB4- Fumigation at 48g/m³ for 2 hours at 17°C addresses all insect pests associated with fresh produce exported to Norfolk Island for goods (other than mangoes and plums). Where methyl bromide is being used to address multiple pests, the highest methyl bromide treatment schedule must be used.
^NB5 - Dose compensation is not permitted where the ambient temperature is above 21°C or below 10°C. Gas concentration measurements must be taken from the upper, middle and lower levels of the chamber.

2. Irradiation
The maximum absorbed dose must not exceed 1 kGy (1000 Gy) as per the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (FSC) requirements. The FSC is administered by Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) and a copy of the code can be located on the FSANZ website.

The following rates address the applicable pests:

Note: Where multiple pests are being treated then the highest rate of irradiation must be used.

3. Cold disinfestation treatment (for all fruit flies)
Produce must be stored at one of the following schedules::

• 0°C ± 0.5°C (or below) for 14 consecutive days
• 1.0°C ± 0.5°C for 16 consecutive days
• 2.0°C ± 0.5°C for 18 consecutive days
• 3.0°C ± 0.5°C for 20 consecutive days.

4. Cold disinfestation treatment (for Queensland fruit fly only)
Produce must be stored at one of the following schedules::

• 0°C ± 0.5°C (or below) for 14 consecutive days
• 1.0°C - 3.0°C ± 0.5°C for 16 consecutive days.

5. Vapour Heat Treatment (for Mediterranean fruit fly for mangoes only)
Vapour Heat Treatment for Ceratitis capitata should align with International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 28, Annex 30.
Vapour heat treatment must be applied:

• for at least two hours to achieve fruit core temperature of 46.5 °C or above
• followed by ten minutes at a fruit core temperature maintained at a minimum of 46.5 °C (of largest fruit).

6. Vapour Heat Treatment (for Queensland fruit fly for mangoes only)
Vapour Heat Treatment for Queensland fruit fly should align with ISPM 28, Annex 31.
Vapour heat treatment must be applied:

• for a minimum of 90 minutes to achieve fruit core temperature of 47 °C or above
• followed by 15 minutes at a fruit core temperature maintained at a minimum of 47 °C (of the largest fruit).

7. Sulphur pads for grapevine phylloxera for table grapes only:
Commercial sulphur pads with proven efficacy against grapevine phylloxera must be packed inside the plastic liner in all cartons of table grapes for export. The sulphur pads must be a registered product containing a minimum of 970grams per kilogram anhydrous sodium metabisulphite used at the rate specified on the label.

8. Area freedom
Where a treatment is not likely to be effective, then area freedom, or pest free areas (PFAs), or even property freedom could be required. This is the case for soil born pests such as Potato Cyst Nematode (PCN) which is a serious pest of potatoes. Several crops rely on PFAs for diseases, such as onion smut and boil smut. PFAs are also established for fruit flies, ensuring host crops grown and packed in the PFA do not carry fruit flies.

Although Western Australia is currently considered free from pea leaf miner, no areas of mainland Australia are currently recognised as free from American serpentine miner.