Annex

List of approved commercial manufacturing processes

Effective 16 October 2021

The following list of commercial manufacturing processes are considered to produce resultant commodities that do not remain capable of being infested with quarantine pests. Individual processes or a combination of multiple processes as listed in the table are acceptable. The basis for the list is Annex 1 of the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures No. 32 ‘Categorization of commodities according to their pest risk’ (2016).

COMMERCIAL PROCESS	DESCRIPTION	Additional Information
Bleaching	The process of immersing a plant fibre or plant fibre article in a bleach solution.
Dyeing	Colouring of textile fibres and other materials by which the colour becomes an integral part of the fibre or material under the influence of pH and temperature changes plus interaction with chemical products.	Dyeing does not include painting or dyeing techniques that occur without the influence of temperature and/or pH change.
Extraction	Physical or chemical process to obtain specific components from plant-based raw materials, usually through mass-transfer operations.	Normally done under high temperature conditions.
Fermentation	Anaerobic or anoxic process changing food/plant material chemically, often involving micro-organisms (bacteria, moulds or yeasts) and e.g. converting sugars to alcohol or organic acids.	May be combined with pasteurisation.
Heat Treatment	Process of applying elevated heat to plant fibre or plant fibre articles as part of manufacture. Includes kiln drying, dry heat treatment and wet heat treatment.	Acceptable synonyms Cooking; boiling; microwaving; roasting.
Pasteurisation	Thermal processing in order to kill undesirable or harmful micro-organisms.
Pureeing	Process of making homogenised plant tissues by high speed mixing, screening through a sieve or using a blender.	Pureeing could be accompanied by pressing, moulding, or shaping of a final product. Nb. pressing, moulding, or shaping alone are not considered adequate.
Sterilisation	Process of applying heat (vapours, dry heat or boiling water), irradiation or chemical treatments in order to destroy micro-organisms.	Nb. fumigation, such as methyl bromide fumigation and sulfuryl fluoride fumigation, is not an acceptable chemical treatment to achieve sterilisation.