Risk Background

Quarantine pathogens of Prunus spp.

Effective 14 July 2015 to 5 November 2015

Bacteria

There are two bacterial diseases that are considered to be quarantinable in Prunus: -

Erwinia amylovora	Fireblight
Pseudomonas syringae pv. Amydali	Bacterial canker of almond
Pseudomonas syringae pv. Persicae	Bacterial canker of peach
Xylella fastidiosa	Plum - almond leaf scorch

Fungi

More than 300 fungi affect Prunus and the following are considered quarantinable:-

Alternaria citri	Blossom end rot
Apiognomonia erythrostoma	Gnomoniosis
Apiosporina morbosa	Black knot
Armillaria tabescens	Wood rot
Auerswaldiella puccinioides	Leaf blister
Blumeriella jaapii	Cherry leaf spot
Catenophora pruni	Twig canker
Cercospora rubrotincta	Leaf spot
Corilopsis gallica	White rot
Cristulariella pruni	Zonate leaf spot
Cylindrosporium nuttallii	Leaf spot
Cytospora leucosperma	Twig canker
Diaporthe decorticans	Canker
Diaporthe pennsylvanica	Limb canker
Diaporthe pruni	Twig canker
Diaporthe prunicola	Twig canker
Diplodia pruni	Twig blight
Diplodia vulgaris	Twig blight
Diplodina persicae	Diplodinia fruit rot
Fomes fomentarius	Trunk rot
Fomitopsis cajanderi	Brown cubical rot
Fomitopsis pinicola	Brown cubical rot
Fomitopsis rosea	Brown pocket rot
Fomitopsis spraguei	Brown cubical rot
Ganoderma lucidum	Butt rot
Ganoderma zonatum	Basal trunk rot
Gloeocystidiellum porosum	White rot
Gloephyllum sepiarium	Brown rot
Gloephyllum trabeum	Brown rot
Helicobasidium mompa	Violet root rot
Hendersonula toruloidea	Canker
Irpex lacteus	Wood rot
Laetiporus sulphureus	Brown cubical rot
Lasiodiplodia theobromae	Gumming disease
Laxitextum bicolor	White rot
Leucostoma cincta	Perennial canker
Leucotelium pruni-persicae	Leucotelium white
Maireina marginata	Twig blight
Melanconium cerasinum	Twig blight
Meruliopsis corium	Trunk rot
Monilia angustior	Shoot blight
Monilia kusanoi	Monilinia leaf blight
Monilinia fructigena	Brown rot
Monilinia seaveri	Leaf blight
Morrisographium persicae	Leaf spot
Mycocentrospora cladosporioides	Leaf spot
Mycosphaerella cerasella	Leaf spot
Mycosphaerella nigerristigma	Leaf spot
Mycosphaerella pruni-persicae	Frosty mildew
Nectria galligena	European canker
Pestalotia adusta	Leaf spot
Pestalotia psidii	Leaf spot
Phellinus igniarius	White heart rot
Phellinus prunicola	White rot
Phialophora parasitica	Dieback
Phomopsis amygdali	Constriction canker
Phyllactinia guttata	Powdery mildew
Phyllosticta congesta	Leaf blotch
Phyllosticta psidii	Leaf spot
Phyllosticta serotina	Leaf spot
Phymatotrichopsis omnivora	Texas root rot
Polystigma rubrum	Red leaf spot
Postia balsamea	Wood rot
Rhodosticta quercina	Rhodosticta canker
Septoria pruni	Leaf spot
Steccherinum ochreceum	Sapwood rot
Taphrina flectans	Witches broom
Trichaptum biforme	White rot
Xylaria longiana	Root rot
Xylaria mali	Root rot

Viruses

The following viruses are considered to be of quarantine significance:-

American plum line pattern ilarvirus

Cherry leaf roll nepovirus

Cherry mottle leaf trichovirus

Cherry rasp leaf nepovirus

Myrobalan latent ringspot nepovirus

Peach enation nepovirus

Peach rosette mosaic nepovirus

Plum pox (Sharka) potyvirus

Raspberry ringspot nepovirus

Tomato black ring nepovirus

Tomato bushy stunt tombusvirus

Tomato ringspot nepovirus

Viroids

There are three viroids that affect Prunus viz. apricot ring pox, hop stunt viroid (plum dapple) and peach latent mosaic viroid (peach latent mosaic). Only apricot ring pox is considered to be of quarantine significance as the other two are recorded in Australia.

Phytoplasmas

Currently all Prunus phytoplasmas are considered to be of quarantine significance. There are many phytoplasmas reported on Prunus, however, it is likely many are caused by the same pathogen and require thorough assessment.

European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma	Apricot chlorotic leaf roll phytoplasma
	Peach yellows phytoplasma
	Molieres disease
	Peach red suture phytoplasma
	Plum leptonecrosis phytoplasma
X-Disease phytoplasma	Cherry albino phytoplasma
	Cherry blossom anomaly
	Cherry Western X phytoplasma
	Peach little peach
	Peach rosette
Apricot witches broom phytoplasma
Cherry lethal yellows
Cherry necrotic rusty mottle
Plum chlorotic leaf roll phytoplasma